Below you will find descriptions of phonological processes (a pattern of sound error(s)) a typical child will use. This includes an example, and the approximate age (years;months) at which these processes will stop being used.
- Pre-vocalic voicing: pig = big 3;0
- Word-final de-voicing: pig = pick 3;0
- Final consonant deletion: comb = coe 3;3
- Fronting: car = tar 3;6
- Consonant harmony: mine = mime 3;9
- Weak syllable deletion: elephant = efant 4;0
- Cluster reduction: spoon = poon 4;0
- Gliding of liquids: run = one 5;0
- Stopping /f/: fish = tish 3;0
- Stopping /s/ : soap = dope 3;0
- Stopping /v/ : very = berry 3;6
- Stopping /z/: zoo = doo 3;6
- Stopping 'sh' : shop = dop 4;6
- Stopping 'j': jump = dump 4;6
- Stopping 'ch': chair = tare 4;6
- Stopping voiceless 'th': thing = ting 5;0
- Stopping voiced 'th' : them = dem 5;0
If you are concerned about your child’s speech or language development, please email for free advice: speech-language-therapist@outlook.com
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References
- Bowen, C. (2011). Table 3: Elimination of Phonological Processes. Retrieved from http://www.speech-language-therapy.com/ on 16/01/2016.
- Bowen, C. (1998). Developmental phonological disorders. A practical guide for families and teachers. Melbourne: ACER Press.
- Grunwell, P. (1997). Natural phonology. In M. Ball & R. Kent (Eds.), The new phonologies: Developments in clinical linguistics. San Deigo, CA: Singular Publishing Group, Inc.